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How can antioxidants protect against DNA damage?

Antioxidants work by neutralizing ROS and free radicals, preventing them from causing damage to DNA. They do this by donating an electron to the unstable molecules, stabilizing them and reducing their harmful effects. This electron donation process effectively breaks the chain reaction of oxidative stress and prevents further damage to DNA.

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Furthermore, antioxidants can repair DNA damage that has already occurred. They activate specific enzymes involved in DNA repair mechanisms, such as base excision repair and nucleotide excision repair. These repair processes help to correct DNA mutations and maintain the integrity of the genetic material.

Some common antioxidants that protect against DNA damage include vitamin C, vitamin E, beta-carotene, selenium, and flavonoids. These antioxidants can be obtained through a balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and nuts. Additionally, antioxidant supplements are available for those who may have a deficiency or require additional protection.

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In conclusion, antioxidants play a vital role in protecting against DNA damage by neutralizing harmful reactive oxygen species and free radicals. They also aid in the repair of DNA mutations, maintaining the integrity of the genetic material. Incorporating antioxidant-rich foods and supplements into one’s diet can help promote longevity and reduce the risk of age-related diseases.

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